B7 is a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel; as it is prone to rusting, it almost invariably requires surface treatment.
The most common surface treatments for B7 fasteners in engineering applications are as follows:
Appearance: Matte black
Characteristics: Low cost, moderate rust resistance, high-temperature resistant
Applications: Indoor use, dry environments, high-temperature equipment
Appearance: Silvery-white / Iridescent (Colored)
Characteristics: Moderate rust resistance, moderate cost
Note: B7 high-strength steel is susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement; a post-plating hydrogen embrittlement relief treatment is typically required.
Appearance: Thick, bright silver layer / Grayish finish
Characteristics: Extremely strong rust resistance; suitable for outdoor, coastal, and bridge applications
Note: The zinc layer is thick, which increases the thread diameter; oversized holes are often specified, or oversized nuts are used for mating.
Appearance: Gray, green, blue, etc.
Characteristics: Superior corrosion resistance, acid/alkali resistant, non-stick, low friction
Applications: Petrochemical industry, offshore platforms, desulfurization systems, environments with strong acids/alkalis
Commonly used in high-end projects.
Appearance: Silvery-gray
Characteristics: No risk of hydrogen embrittlement, high corrosion resistance, high-temperature resistant
Applications: Automotive industry, wind power, high-end steel structures; serves as an alternative to electro-galvanizing.
Characteristics: No risk of hydrogen embrittlement, good corrosion resistance
Applications: High-strength fasteners that are sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement.
Characteristics: Excellent corrosion resistance; however, it is toxic and subject to environmental restrictions.
It has now been largely replaced by Teflon or Dacromet coatings.